The Ministry of Works (a predecessor of Historic Scotland) acquired the house in the 1950s, and a programme of restoration and research continued into the 1980 and 1990s. Admire architect William Adam’s tremendous vision, including elaborate masonry carved in …
The kitchen gardens were furnished with hothouses, and sown with a great variety of fruits, herbs and vegetable seeds. By the end of the 19th century, this garden had been removed, leaving only the Duff House walled garden to the north.The later 18th-century scenic drive at Duff is an excellent example of this kind of landscape component. To the north of the designed landscape, the 2-storey, rubble Barnyards range is now part of the golf club, but once formed part of the stabling and offices depicted on the 1st edition OS map (1865-70 OS 25'). Duff House, built 1735-41, is a substantial Baroque mansion designed by William Adam for William Duff, Lord Braco, later 1st Earl of Fife. Like elsewhere across the family estates, trees were planted by their tens of thousands to create both woodland and parkland clumps, an effort applauded by contemporary society (Transactions 1803; Stat. In the 1780s, the well-known landscape designer, Thomas White, was also employed to improve the parkland around the house, although no plan of his work survives.Financial difficulties struck the estate in the earlier 19th century. The two fell out over money during the creation of this splendid early Georgian mansion, leading to a five-year court case. Prominent architect, William Adam (1689-1748) was employed, and from the outset, thoughts of a grand formal landscape setting accompanied the decision to build, with Lord Braco writing to Adam in 1735 for a plan to 'conform to the Lines you took', and for nursery-man William Boutcher to 'make out a plan of my Ground' (Tait 1985: 24).The formal scheme, however, remained unrealised and Duff House did not become the finished masterpiece as conceived by either patron or architect. This served to embrace both the drama of the landscape and to connect a series of landmarks and monuments. Described in terms such as 'pretty and luxuriant' (New Stat. Harper 1843; Stat. Other landscape features conceived by Adam include the round, polished ashlar, 2-stage Fishing Temple, erected on the island in the River Deveron, and the Temple of Venus, a belvedere in the form of a domed, arcaded rotunda built from 1737 on the summit of the Hill of Doune.The 7-span Bridge of Banff over the Deveron was completed in 1779 to designs by John Smeaton, and was widened in 1881. Further south, the lodge at Eagles Gate marks the former southern approach to Duff, a curving route through Crow Wood which once linked up with the longer woodland circuit of drives near the Bridge of Alvah.Much of the former core parkland accommodates the Duff House Royal Golf Club, established in 1910. The designed landscape contains architectural features of national interest and a scheduled monument, while the historic documents known as the Montcoffer Papers are of major significance in chronicling the development of the designed landscape.The story behind the construction of Duff House is well known. The boundary encompasses some 215ha. Duff did not become the splendid family home envisaged by Lord Braco, and commentators during the 18th century remarked upon the strange scene of the unfinished house standing starkly in open, unadorned grounds (e.g. The parkland by the river accommodates the historic Duff House Royal golf club, while the urban expansion of Banff and the development of its road system have altered the former relationship between the town and the northern edge of the policies.
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