The candidate would summarize and discuss the scientific article critically. Similarly, candidates who are appearing in their scheduled June DNB final examination shall be required to submit their thesis by 31st December of preceding year.Candidates who fail to submit their thesis by the prescribed cutoff date shall NOT be allowed to appear in DNB final examination.Fee to be submitted for assessment (In INR): 3500/-,Fee can be deposited ONLY through pay-in-slip/challan at any of the Indian bank branch across India. The supporting medical documents have to be certified by the Head of the Institute/hospital where the candidate is undergoing DNB training. MCQs and EMQs in Surgery is an excellent companion to Bailey & Loveand provides a valuable revision tool for those studying for MRCS. After completing MBBS from Government Medical College, Surat, he secured top rank in All India PG Entrance exam & pursued the course of MS(General Surgery) from Maulana Azad Medical College, Delhi. harmonic scalpel,Creation and maintenance of new endoscopic spaces,Use of assistance robots and robotic instruments,Patho-physiology of renal and hepatic failure,Management of fluid and electrolyte disorders,Selection of patients for transplantation,Transmission of viral and fungal diseases,• Neoplasms of the Liver, Biliary Tract and Pancreas,• Pancreatitis, acute and chronic, complications,Management of perforations of the upper GI tract,Gastro-oesophageal reflux and its complications,The use and limitations of multimodality treatment for upper GI cancer,Cranial, spinal and peripheral nerve tumors,Biostatistics, Research Methodology and Clinical Epidemiology,Medico legal aspects relevant to the discipline,Health Policy issues as may be applicable to the discipline,Surgical Posting: Each candidate is posted in different surgical units soon after joining the course.Rotations in Specialty Departments are for a period of minimum 3-6 months & a maximum of one year. Gain access to more than 1050 Surgery board review practice questions with detailed explanations for both correct and incorrect responses. The Question paper of Kerala University M.S in General Surgery is usually divided into two sections. : diabetes; respiratory disease, cardiovascular disease; malnutrition; anemia; steroid, anticoagulant, Immunosuppressant and other drug therapy.Pathophysiology of the body’s response to infection.The sources of surgical infection - prevention and control.Excision of cysts and benign tumours of skin and subcutaneous tissue.Care and monitoring of the anaesthetized patient.Explosion hazards relating to general anesthesia and endoscopic Surgery.Prevention of nerve and other injuries in the anaesthetized patient.Surgery in hepatitis and HIV carriers (special precautions).Disorders of coagulation and haemostasis (prophylaxis of thromboembolic disease).Assessment and maintenance of fluid and electrolyte balance.Nutritional support - indications, techniques, total parenteral nutrition.Disorders of coagulation and haemostasis.Blood transfusion - indications, hazards, complications, plasma substitutes.Haemolytic disorders of surgical importance.Haemorrhagic disorders; disorders of coagulation.Post-operative complications - prevention, monitoring, recognition, management.Immune response to trauma, infections and tissue transplantation.Pathophysiology of the body’s response to trauma.Surgery in the immuno-compromised patient.Initial Assessment and Resuscitation after Trauma.Clinical assessment of the injured patient.Cardio respiratory physiology as applied to trauma.Penetrating chest injuries and pneumothorax.Central nervous system: anatomy and physiology relevant to clinical examination of the central nervous system; understanding of its functional.disorders particularly those caused by cranial or spinal trauma; and interpretation of special investigations.Head injuries, general principles of management.Paraplegia and quadriplegia - principles of management.Traumatic wounds - principles of management.Peripheral nervous system - anatomy and physiology.Fractures - pathophysiology of fracture healing.Traumatic edema, compartment and crush syndromes, fat embolism.The surgical anatomy and applied physiology of the heart relevant to clinical cases.Physiology and pharmacological control of cardiac output, blood flow, blood pressure, and coronary circulation.Monitoring of cardiac function in the critically ill patient, central venous pressure, pulmonary wedge pressure, tamponade, cardiac O/P measurements.The interpretation of special investigations.Cardiopulmonary bypass - general principles, cardiac support.The surgical anatomy of the airways, chest wall, diaphragm and thoracic viscera.The mechanics and control of respiration.The interpretation of special investigations; lung function tests, arterial blood gases, radiology.The understanding of disorders of respiratory function caused by trauma, acute surgical illness and surgical intervention.Endotracheal intubation, laryngotomy, tracheostomy.Renal failure - diagnosis of renal failure, complications of renal failure.Sepsis, predisposing factors, organisms causing septicemia.Localized sepsis, pneumonia, lung abscess, bronchiectasis, empyema, mediastinitis.Epidemiology of common neoplasms and tumour-like conditions; role of cancer registries.Pathology, clinical features, diagnosis and principles of management of common cancers in each of the surgical specialties.Principles of cancer treatment by surgery, radiotherapy, chemotherapy, immunotherapy and hormone therapy.The principles of carcinogenesis and the pathogenesis of cancer relevant to the clinical features, special investigations, staging and the principles of treatment of the common cancers.Principles of molecular biology of cancer, carcinogenesis; genetic factors; mechanisms of metastasis.The surgical anatomy and applied physiology of the breast relevant to clinical examinations, the interpretation of special investigations, the understanding of disordered function and the principles of the surgical treatment of common disorders of the breast.The breast: acute infections; benign breast disorders; nipple discharge; mastalgia, Carcinoma of breast; mammography; investigation and treatment.Terminal care of cancer patients; pain relief.Psychological effects of surgery and bereavement.Medical/legal ethics and medico-legal aspects of surgery.Communication with patients, relatives and colleagues.The evaluation of surgery and general topics.Principles of research and design and analysis of clinical trials.Critical evaluation of innovations - technical and pharmaceutical.Health service management and economic aspects of surgical care.Musculo-skeletal anatomy and physiology relevant to clinical examination of the locomotor system and to the understanding of disordered locomotor function, with emphasis on the effects of acute musculoskeletal trauma.Effects of acute musculo-skeletal trauma.Degenerative and rheumatoid arthritis (including principles of joint replacement).Common soft tissue injuries and disorders.Infections of bones and joints (including implants and prostheses).Common disorders of the hand, including hand injuries and infections.Common disorders of infancy and childhood.Metabolic bone disease (osteoporosis, osteomalacia).Surgical aspects of paralytic disorders and nerve injuries.The surgical anatomy and applied physiology of blood vessels relevant to clinical examination, the interpretation of special investigations and the understanding of the role of surgery in the management of cardiovascular disease.Special techniques used in the investigation of vascular disease.Limb ischaemia: acute and chronic; clinical features; gangrene; amputations for vascular disease.Principles of reconstructive arterial surgery.Venous hypertension, post-phlebitic leg, venous ulceration.Disorders of the veins in the lower limb.Deep venous thrombosis and its complications.Spleen; role of splenectomy; hypersplenism.The anatomy and physiology of the haemopoeitic and lymphoreticular systems.Surgical aspects of disordered haemopoiesis.The surgical anatomy and applied physiology of the head and neck relevant to clinical examination, the interpretation of special investigations, the understanding of disorders of function, and the treatment of disease and injury involving the head and neck.Laryngeal disease; maintenance of airway; tracheostomy.Acute and chronic inflammatory disorders of the ear, nose, sinuses and throat.The surgical anatomy and applied physiology of the endocrine glands relevant to clinical examination, the interpretation of special investigations, the understanding of disordered function and the principles of the surgical treatment of common disorders of the endocrine glands.Thyroid: role of surgery in diseases of the thyroid; complications of thyroidectomy; and the solitary thyroid nodule.Parathyroid; hyperparathyroidism; hypercalcaemia.Endocrine pancreas and the management of:-,Counselling and screening in familial disease,Anaesthetic and pharma-cological problems,Skin and Subcutaneous Tissue / soft tissue.Neonatal physiology: the special problems of anaesthesia and surgery in the newborn; and the principles of neonatal fluid and electrolyte balance.Common paediatric surgical disorders: cleft lip and palate; pyloric stenosis; intussusception; hernia; maldescent of testis; torsion; and diseases of the foreskin.Management of less complex abdominal trauma.The surgical anatomy of the abdomen and its viscera and the applied physiology of the alimentary system relevant to clinical examination, the interpretation of common special investigations, the understanding of disorders of function, and the treatment of abdominal disease and injury.Anatomy of the groin, groin and other ventral hernias, acute and elective; clinical features of hernias; complications of hernias.Anterior abdominal wall, anatomy, incisions, laparoscopic access.Gynaecological causes of acute abdominal pain.Acute presentations of urological disease,Acute presentations of gynaecological disease,Assessment of the multiply injured patient,Closed abdominal injuries, especially splenic, hepatic and pancreatic injuries,Initial management of head injuries and interpretation of CT scans,Inflammatory bowel disease (inc.medical management),Place of radiotherapy and chemotherapy in treatment,Physiology of pneumo-peritoneum Dangers of pneumoperitoneum,Informed consent for laparo-scopic procedures,Pre and post operative management of laparoscopic cases.Technology of video imaging, cameras, insufflator etc.Laparoscopic instruments, clips, staplers and port types,Ultrasound interpretation, internal and external techniques,Recognition and management of laparoscopic complications,Anaesthetic problems in laparoscopic surgery,Medico-legal implications of video-endoscopic surgery,Theory, uses and dangers of lasers and other energy sources e.g.
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