), fairybells (Disporum oreganum), white hawkweed (Hieracium albiflorum), and sweetroot (Osmorhiza spp.). In Idaho early height growth of 15 to 20 cm (6 to 8 in) on average sites and 30 to 36 cm (12 to 14 in) on optimum sites has been reported. A tall, majestic tree, Grand Fir grows best in drier climates. The seeds are carried by the wind to their new homes. Grand fir seed cones are cylindrical in shape, and range from two to four inches in length. In the Inland Empire, including the Blue Mountains of Oregon, it is found as high as 1830 m (6,000 ft) and as low as 460 m (1,500 ft), but usually between 610 and 1525 m (2,000 and 5,000 ft). Average percentages were grand fir, 12; western larch, 30; Douglas-fir, 41; western white pine, 44; western hemlock, 65; and western redcedar, 73. On Vancouver Island and western Washington sites, growth of 79 to 89 cm (31 to 35 in) per year was reported. Distribution of Grand Fir from USGS (“Atlas of United States Trees” by Elbert L. Little, Jr.) Distribution: It is native from southern British Columbia along the coast to northern California. The grand fir is true to its name, standing up to 40 metres tall, a grand tree indeed. and Phellinus weiri are the two most important root rot fungi. “Grand fir occurs at the northern extent of its range in British Columbia, and has a narrow, disjunct distribution in the province. ), Utah honeysuckle (Lonicera utahensis), mallow ninebark (Physocarpus malvaceus), common snowberry (Symphoricarpos albus), baldhip rose (Rosa gymnocarpa), princes-pine (Chimaphila spp. /ha (6,800 to 19,000 ft?/acre) (4). Needles: Grand fir has needles that spread out on opposite sides of the twig in flattened rows, although when growing in direct sunlight or east of the Cascades crest they sometimes crowd to the top of the twig. The bark is ash grey and has sappy blisters that ooze out strong smelling thick liquid. Grand fir bark, sometimes mixed with stinging nettles, was boiled and the concoction used for bathing and as a general tonic. Most of the seeds are disseminated in the early fall, about 5 percent falling before September 1 and 80 percent falling before the end of October.
It is practically completed by July 1 on exposed sites and by August 15 on protected sites. Graminoids frequently associated with grand fir are Columbia brome (Bromus vulgaris), pinegrass (Calamagrostis rubescens), western fescue (Festuca occidentalis), and sedge (Carex spp.). Grand fir appears sporadically in 10 other cover types.In northern Idaho, grand fir is the major climax tree species in seven habitat types and is an important seral tree in the Thuja plicata, Tsuga heterophylla, and Abies lasciocarpa series of habitat types. East of the Cascade crest in Oregon and Washington, yields of grand or white fir stands at age 100 years range from 476 to 1330 m? ), fir cone maggots (Earomyia spp. The greenish hue of the grand fir’s cones make them easy to distinguish from the white fir’s olive-green to purple colored cones. Grand Fir, ‘abies grandis’ The grand fir is one of the tallest firs, reaching heights of 300 feet. The Lushoot tribe boiled needles to make a medicinal tea for colds. Eight-year observations of seed traps under a 300-year-old stand on the Priest River Experimental Forest yielded 31,600 grand fir seeds per hectare (12,800 acre) annually (9). Grand Fir is a large, coniferous evergreen native to the Pacific Northwest of North America. Its main adaptation is the fact that it can grow in various kinds of soils.Needles on the grand fir are dark yellow-green on top whereas Douglas fir needles are green.Grand fir grows in the Pacific Northwest and California while the Balsam fir inhabits Northeastern United States.Grand fir grows in moist coniferous forest and Pacific silver fir grows in the temperate rainforests.Your email address will not be published.http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/42284/0,http://dendro.cnre.vt.edu/dendrology/syllabus/factsheet.cfm?ID=183,https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abies_grandis,https://www.na.fs.fed.us/spfo/pubs/silvics_manual/Volume_1/abies/grandis.htm,Giant fir, lowland white fir, great silver fir, Vancouver fir, western white fir, Oregon fir, silver fir, yellow fir, stinking fir, Puget Sound fir, sapin grandissime (French), abeto grande (Spanish),British Columbia in Canada, Washington, Oregon, Montana, Idaho and California in the USA,Moist coniferous forests at altitudes from sea level to 5,906 ft (1,800 m),Slower in shades, aggressive in the open; annual growth is up to 1.5 m (4.9 ft) when young,Livestock use it as shade; moose, deer, and blue, sharp-tailed and ruffed grouse eat the needles in winter; nuthatches, chickadees, squirrels and other rodents eat the seeds,As an ornamental tree, Christmas trees; softwood lumber used in making paper, construction of floors and frames; also used as a medicine for treating fevers and colds.
The needles are flat and have a blunt tip which, when crushed, smell like grapefruit.
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